Cornus canadensis
Cornus canadensis L.
- genus Cornus L.
Common Names
Bunchberry dogwood, Canadian bunchberry
Overview
General Description
Herblike shrubs, perennial, rhizomatous, 10–20 cm tall. Rhizomes creeping, slender. Vertical stems slender, unbranched. Leaves opposite, often appearing as a whorl of 6 at terminal node due to compression of internodes, 2 larger and 4 smaller; smaller ones developing from axillary buds of larger leaves; leaves at lower nodes rudimentary; petiole 2–3 mm long; leaf blade obovate to ± diamond-shaped, 3.5-4.8 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, papery, veins 2 or 3, base cuneate, margin entire, apex shortly acuminate. Inflorescences compound cymes, terminal; bracts white, broadly ovate, 0.8-1.2 cm long, 0.5-1.1 cm wide, with 7 parallel veins. Flowers white, ca. 2 mm in diameter. Calyx tube obovate, ca. 1 mm, densely pubescent with grayish white appressed trichomes; teeth higher than disk. Petals reflexed, creamy white, ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. Stamens ca. 1 mm; anthers yellowish white, narrowly ovoid. Style ca. 1 mm, glabrous. Fruit red at maturity, globose, ca. 5 mm in diameter; stones ellipsoid-ovoid.
Description
Genetics
There are some reports for the chromosomal data of Cornus canadensis. All counts are 2n = 22, 44 (Brain and Denford, 1979; Plante, 1995; Gervais et al., 1999).
Ecology and Distribution
Cyclicity
Flowering from July to August; fruiting from August to September.
Distribution
Cornus canadensis is occurring in S Jilin (Changbai Shan), Japan, Korea, N Myanmar, Russia (Far East), North America.
Evolution
The phylogenetic relationships of Cornus has been inferred using nuclear gene 26S rDNA (Fan and Xiang, 2001). The 26S rDNA sequence data suggested that Cornus Canadensis is closely related to C. unalaschkensis.
Habitat
Growing in montane coniferous forests, margins of woods, old tree stumps, mossy areas, open and moist habitats; ca. 1200 m.
Taxonomy
- Chamaepericlymenum canadense (L.) Aschers. & Graebn. (synonym)
- Cornella canadensis (L.) Rydb. (synonym)


